Zübeyde Hanım (1857 – January 14 1923) was the mother of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey. Her name is Zübeyde but Hanım is a respectful way of saying Mrs. and is almost always added after her name. Kemal's father, Ali Rıza, died when Mustafa Kemal was six years old, making her parental influence dominant.
